[Rhodes22-list] Navigation 101 -- Chapter 1 -- Compasses

Hank hnw555 at gmail.com
Tue Sep 16 12:29:42 EDT 2008


Bill,

I'm not talking about the difference between true and apparent wind.  I'm
talking about compass headings as you go from one tack to another.

Hank


On 9/16/08, Bill Effros <bill at effros.com> wrote:
>
> Hank,
>
> When you are standing in the cockpit of a moving sailboat, how do you
> determine the constant true angle of the wind vs. the relative angle
> your boat is pointing as your boat swings from one tack to the other?
>
> Bill Effros
>
>
>
> Hank wrote:
> > Bill,
> >
> > 110 is the measurement of the arc from a port tack to a starboard
> tack.  45
> > would be half of that for an arc of 90.  All of this is assumed that the
> > desired course is dead into the wind and these courses are the best
> possible
> > course that can be made as plotted on a map.
> >
> > Hank
> >
> >
> > On 9/16/08, Bill Effros <bill at effros.com> wrote:
> >
> >> Todd,
> >>
> >> Navigation is still one of my favorite topics.
> >>
> >> OK, let's start while most of us are still on the water.
> >>
> >> There is discussion today about pointing and 45 degrees and 110 degrees.
> >>
> >> These are compass directions.
> >>
> >> How are these numbers derived by the writers?
> >>
> >> (Serious question -- want answers.)
> >>
> >> Throw out your GPS.  The GPS measures the direction the device has
> >> traveled, not the direction the boat is pointing.
> >>
> >> How are the writers determining true wind direction?
> >>
> >> How many compasses do you have on board.  (You must have at least 2.)
> >>
> >> Fluxgate compasses don't count -- they yield very precise wrong answers.
> >>
> >> Homework Assignment:
> >>
> >> Mount 2 magnetic compasses far enough away from large metal objects and
> >> electronics so they can swing freely.  (If one is hand bearing, that's
> >> fine, as long as you can read it in 5 degree increments while the
> >> compass is mounted in a stationary position.
> >>
> >> Point your boat so your main compass is at 0.
> >>
> >> Turn your other compass so it points to exactly 180.
> >>
> >> Now turn your boat so your main compass points to 90.  Your other
> >> compass should point to exactly 270.  Does it?
> >>
> >> Whether it does, or not, note the readings on both compasses.
> >>
> >> If, after taking a few different readings your compasses are wildly off,
> >> report your results here, and we will go to Chapter 2.
> >>
> >> If the readings remain almost 180 degrees in phase, no matter what
> >> direction you point, make a chart showing all compass readings at 5
> >> degree differences.
> >>
> >> True virgins can't be far behind.
> >>
> >> Bill Effros
> >>
> >> PS -- If anyone gets serious about this, it's a great opportunity to set
> >> and use multiple anchors.  If you set 4 and move lines from cleat to
> >> cleat, you can adjust the angle of your boat to the primary compass with
> >> extreme precision, while learning a lot about the setting qualities of
> >> anchors.  It doesn't matter if  an anchor fails to set properly -- you
> >> are testing the compass, not the anchor.
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> Todd Tavares wrote:
> >>
> >>> Bill, Good to see you back on the list.  Didn't you make us all a
> >>> promise?   I am still waiting. LOL
> >>> http://www.rhodes22.org/pipermail/rhodes22-list/2005-April/022296.html
> >>> Todd T
> >>>
> >>>   ----- Original Message -----
> >>>   From: "Bill Effros"
> >>>   To: "The Rhodes 22 Email List"
> >>>   Subject: Re: [Rhodes22-list] anchoring
> >>>   Date: Mon, 15 Sep 2008 14:05:34 -0400
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>   Elle,
> >>>
> >>>   I was hoping Slim would weigh in on your situation. He has has to
> >>>   deal
> >>>   with similar problems.
> >>>
> >>>   I don't use chain except on rode purchased before I stopped using
> >>>   chain.
> >>>
> >>>   You can't "set" chain. When it hits the bottom, it just lies there in
> >>>   a
> >>>   pool. It is exactly the same as dropping the chain into the R-22
> >>>   anchor
> >>>   locker. It forms a pyramid of chain with the unset anchor dangling
> >>>   from
> >>>   it on one side, or buried under it, and the rope rode dangling from
> >>>   it
> >>>   on the other.
> >>>
> >>>   I use floating anchor rode directly attached to the anchor. If you
> >>>   drop
> >>>   a penny overboard it's going to sink until it hits the bottom. If you
> >>>   drop a 2 1/2 lb aluminum anchor overboard, it will also sink until it
> >>>   hits the bottom.
> >>>
> >>>   If you tie a floating rope to that aluminum anchor, you will see no
> >>>   rope
> >>>   on the surface of the water until the anchor hits the bottom, and the
> >>>   excess rope exceeds the straight line angle from where you are
> >>>   deploying
> >>>   the anchor. At that point you start pulling in excess rope off the
> >>>   surface until the angle going into the water is roughly 45 degrees.
> >>>   Then just hold onto the line as the wind or your motor drives your
> >>>   boat,
> >>>   and a good anchor will set itself properly. Cleat the line, and you
> >>>   should not be able to move that anchor until you get almost directly
> >>>   above it.
> >>>
> >>>   I always do this from the stern. I "fish" for the bottom, and "set"
> >>>   the
> >>>   anchor. Because there is only floating line between me and the anchor
> >>>   I
> >>>   can "feel" what is going on, and I can see from floating line on the
> >>>   surface whether my anchor is truly "set" or if I am just "dragging"
> >>>   it.
> >>>
> >>>   It's a lot like fishing.
> >>>
> >>>   Once set, I walk the line to the bow and cleat it to the bow cleat.
> >>>
> >>>   If leaves are truly a problem, and I don't know because I don't
> >>>   experience that problem when I anchor, I would use a kellet to bring
> >>>   the
> >>>   sharp lightweight anchor all the way to the bottom on the all rope
> >>>   rode. Then I would experiment with how far to withdraw the kellet in
> >>>   order to set the tines of the anchor most reliably. Then I would
> >>>   withdraw the kellet completely, and "feel" the set of the anchor in
> >>>   the
> >>>   way I normally do it. You don't have to "feel" the set many times
> >>>   before you know exactly what it is supposed to feel like when it is
> >>>   permanently set.
> >>>
> >>>   I've wasted a lot of time waiting to see if it would unset, and it
> >>>   never
> >>>   has.
> >>>
> >>>   I don't know of anyone who has tried the "floating the mushroom
> >>>   anchor
> >>>   into place" theory, but I think it would be fun to try. I know that
> >>>   mushroom anchor won't move once properly set, and I also know how to
> >>>   use
> >>>   a Rhodes 22 to move the anchor if I need to do so.
> >>>
> >>>   Like me, I would guess your biggest problem in storm conditions is
> >>>   other
> >>>   boats, not your ability to keep your boat in a place where it can
> >>>   easily
> >>>   withstand the elements.
> >>>
> >>>   Bill Effros
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>   elle wrote:
> >>>   > HI, Bill, I was hoping that you would also weigh in on this
> >>>   > matter...would you give me your recommendation? Again, the bottm
> >>>   > is mud IF we can get through the leaves, and the cove is
> >>>   > protected; storm surge is often a factor but @20' of chain &
> >>>   > @200' of 5/16 rode hopefully is sufficient overkill...
> >>>   >
> >>>   > Opinion?
> >>>   >
> >>>   > Thanks, elle
> >>>   >
> >>>   > We can't change the angle of the wind....but we can adjust our
> >>>   sails.
> >>>   >
> >>>   > 1992 Rhodes 22 Recyc '06 "WaterMusic" (Lady in Red)
> >>>   >
> >>>   >
> >>>   > --- On Mon, 9/15/08, Bill Effros wrote:
> >>>   >
> >>>   >
> >>>   >> From: Bill Effros
> >>>   >> Subject: Re: [Rhodes22-list] anchoring
> >>>   >> To: "The Rhodes 22 Email List"
> >>>   >> Date: Monday, September 15, 2008, 11:47 AM
> >>>   >> Peter,
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >> What difference do think the weight of a boat implies for
> >>>   >> the size of the anchor?
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >> I would imagine windage is the factor.
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >> No matter what they weigh, all boats float.
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >> If weight were the factor, the size of a battleship anchor
> >>>   >> in proportion to it's weight would be substantially less than the
> >>>   >> size anchor most people carry on their Rhodes 22s.
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >> Someone recently told me that if you take away wind and
> >>>   >> current, a 25 lb Fortress anchor will hold an aircraft carrier.
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >> I've never tried it, though.
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >> As I've often mentioned, a 2 1/2 lb Fortress Guardian
> >>>   >> is my go-to anchor. I set it from the stern, and walk it
> >>>   >> forward. Once properly set, it is extremely difficult to
> >>>   >> dislodge until you get
> >>>   >> almost directly above it. There is never enough windage on my boat
> >>>   to
> >>>   >> deform the anchor, part the line, challenge the shackle.
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >> My boat is moored on a 300 lb mushroom anchor as are
> >>>   >> virtually all of the boats in the cove where I keep my boat.
> >>>   (There are
> >>>   >> hundreds.)
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >> The cove has been hit by strong winds from time to time,
> >>>   >> but few move from their moorings. The biggest fear of damage is
> >>>   from
> >>>   >> other boats coming loose, and debris. The entire fleet swings on
> >>>   >> individual anchors. Anchoring
> >>>   >> bow and stern puts you broadside to the wind with enormous stress
> >>>   on the
> >>>   >> anchoring system if the wind is shifting. Mushroom anchors are
> >>>   just
> >>>   >> as strong in 360 degrees, and you expose your boat to the least
> >>>   stress.
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >> If I had the problem of moving my boat under storm
> >>>   >> conditions I would try to rig up an air bag on a mushroom anchor
> >>>   so I could
> >>>   >> tow it to the place I wanted to set my boat, release the air, and
> >>>   sit on
> >>>   >> the single mushroom.
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >> When your boat is floating freely and always facing the
> >>>   >> wind there is no chafing problem to speak of, and while the wind
> >>>   creates
> >>>   >> uncomfortable creaking in all of the boats, the mechanical stress
> >>>   on the
> >>>   >> components seems negligible. I put a canvas chafe guard on my bow
> >>>   >> line where it goes over the edge of the boat (no chock). I have
> >>>   not had
> >>>   >> to replace the chafe guard in 10 years of use. Most wind damage
> >>>   >> around here is done to boats on shore. The wind topples one into
> >>>   >> the next. I suspect my boat is far safer
> >>>   >> in the water than it is on land.
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >> Bill Effros
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >> Peter Thorn wrote:
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> elle,
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>> Broad Creek in New Bern, where Blackbeard is located,
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> is the best hurricane
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> hole for miles around. When a surge is expected and
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> boats must leave their
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> docks, everybody around there seems to head for Broad
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> Creek. It's about 15
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> feet of water, then 10' of mud/muck bottom river
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> bottom and then hard clay
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> underneath, according to borings made for the seawall
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> engineering design at
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> our club.
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>> If a storm passes close by, the wind direction can
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> shift greatly during the
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> storm. This adds a different challenge to anchoring.
> >>>   >> Some anchors are very
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> good at setting, like Delta plow, others are very good
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> at holding in mud,
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> like the Fortress with the 45 degree fluke settings.
> >>>   >> But, if broken loose
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> during a storm while the wind direction is changing, a
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> Fortress will more
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> easily drag and is more difficult to reset.
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>> Different people do different things. One popular
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> anchoring technique is
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> the Bahamian, using two anchors at 45-180 angles.
> >>>   >> Other experienced storm
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> survivors here have used two anchors in series to cope
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> with our special
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> bottom conditions. Usually, coming from the direction
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> of the boat, the
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> first anchor is a Delta plow type with the usual nylon
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> rode and chain.
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> Then, they add about 30' of stainless cable and
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> attach a Fortress or
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> Danforth type. The idea is the Delta plow will
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> quickly reset if the
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> direction changes and slow down dragging long enough
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> for the Fortress to
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> also reset, dig in and hold on hard. A friend with a
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> Gulfstar 37 has used
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> this technique for ten years with great success in
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> Broad Creek. His boat is
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> heavy and I know he uses large sizes (not sure how
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> large), but I think the
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> same technique would work for a 3000# R22 with smaller
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> ground tackle.
> >>>   >>> Fortunately for Raven, two days before Hannah arrived
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> I just hauled her
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> home. This is a wonderful advantage of a trailerable.
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> But it think it's
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> always a good idea to be prepared for whatever the
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> wind gods send us.
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> May all your storms go the other way,
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>> PT
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>> -----Original Message-----
> >>>   >>> From: rhodes22-list-bounces at rhodes22.org
> >>>   >>> [mailto:rhodes22-list-bounces at rhodes22.org] On Behalf
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> Of elle
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> Sent: Sunday, September 14, 2008 8:21 PM
> >>>   >>> To: The Rhodes 22 Email List
> >>>   >>> Subject: Re: [Rhodes22-list] anchoring
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>> Well; what a coincidence.....anchoring is on my mind.
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>> It seems that when Hanna was deciding where to rest
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> her head, we decided to
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> anchor the boats (mine & my neighbor's ) in
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> the creek...which is a
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> well-protected hurrricane hole.
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>> The favored anchoring scheme is two anchors each set
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> at about 45 deg off the
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> bow. I have the (way too light) Danforth-style which
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> comes with the boat &
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> another 21lb Danforth, 200' of rode & @
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> 8-10' of chain.
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> Problem 1....how to anchor from the bow as the furling
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> mechanism is in the
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> way if we go out straight from the bow cleat....or
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> have massive chafing if
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> we run the rode outside of the bow pulpit...boat will
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> then not be
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> head-to-wind.....
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>> Problem 2...this creek has a thick layer of
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> detritus..mainly
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> leaves...coating the bottom....the heavy Danforth
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> would not set w/all the
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> junk, so a new anchor is in my future.
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>> Anyone have any suggestions? I am looking at a Delta
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> as the CQR (my first
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> choice) is 'way too much $$$$$.
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>> We ended up securing one end of the boat to a forward
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> piling and the other
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> to a tree on shore.
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>> elle
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>> We can't change the angle of the wind....but we
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> can adjust our sails.
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> 1992 Rhodes 22 Recyc '06 "WaterMusic"
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> (Lady in Red)
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> --- On Sun, 9/14/08, Michael D. Weisner
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> wrote:
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>>> From: Michael D. Weisner
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>> Subject: Re: [Rhodes22-list] anchoring
> >>>   >>>> To: "The Rhodes 22 Email List"
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>> Date: Sunday, September 14, 2008, 6:27 PM
> >>>   >>>> Paul,
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>> We must have beaten this topic to death several
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >> times in
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>> the past. A quick check of the nabble archives under "anchor
> >>>   >>>> locker" yielded:
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>
> http://www.nabble.com/anchor-locker---dumb-questions-to18156518.html#a181565
> >>
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> 18
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>
> >>>
> http://www.nabble.com/Anchor-rode-spaghetti-to18071799.html#a18144554
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>
> >>>
> http://www.nabble.com/Anchor-rode-spaghetti-to18135271.html#a18135271
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >> http://www.nabble.com/New-Guy-Bill-D.-tp7060395p7069009.html
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >> http://www.nabble.com/Anchoring---Again-to5113633.html#a5113633
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >> http://www.nabble.com/Go-To-Anchor-to2383036.html#a2383036
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>> You get the idea. Most of us seem to use a
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >> Rubbermaid
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>> basket in the laz or under a cockpit seat for the stern anchor,
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >> although I
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>> prefer a bag hung on the stern rail. I still use the forward
> >>>   locker
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >> for my bow
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>> anchor rode storage. I cleat it to the central foredeck cleat
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >> and pass
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>> it through my bow chocks.
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>> Mike
> >>>   >>>> s/v Shanghaid'd Summer ('81)
> >>>   >>>> Nissequogue River, NY
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>> From: "Paul Krawitz"
> >>>   >>>> Sent:
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >> Sunday,
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>> September 14, 2008 5:53 PM
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>>> How do you guys anchor?
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >>>>> The forepeak (tiny bow storage area) is an
> >>>   >>>> impractical way to store
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>>> rode and the opening is to small for my big
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >> hands to
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >>>> get in there.
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>>> I've resorted to storing the rode below
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >> the
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >>>> cockpit benches, in a
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>>> Rubbermaid container, and walking it forward
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >> and
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >>>> attaching it to the
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>>> Danforth anchor handing from the bow pulpit
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >> when I
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >>>> need to.
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>>> Where do you cleat it? The central bow cleat?
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >>>>> I'm hoping someone has a better
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >> suggestion.
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>>> Paul K
> >>>   >>>>> "Clarity"
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >> __________________________________________________
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>>> To subscribe/unsubscribe or for help with
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >> using the
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >>>> mailing list go to
> >>>   >>>>> http://www.rhodes22.org/list
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >> __________________________________________________
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >>>>>
> >>>   >>>> __________________________________________________
> >>>   >>>> To subscribe/unsubscribe or for help with using
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >> the mailing
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>>> list go to http://www.rhodes22.org/list
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> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>>
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>> __________________________________________________
> >>>   >>> To subscribe/unsubscribe or for help with using the
> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >> mailing list go to
> >>>   >>
> >>>   >>> http://www.rhodes22.org/list
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> >>>   >>>
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> >>>   >>>
> >>>   >>>
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> >>>   >> list go to http://www.rhodes22.org/list
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> >>>   >>
> >>>   >
> >>>   >
> >>>   >
> >>>   > __________________________________________________
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> >>>   > go to http://www.rhodes22.org/list
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> >>>   >
> >>>   >
> >>>   __________________________________________________
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> >>>
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> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >> __________________________________________________
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> >>
> >>
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> >
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